PHAR 7633 Chapter 1

Online Resources

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Quiz

Index

• This course in one pdf file (30.1 MB - 29 Apr 2010)
• Problem Solving

• Graph Paper Resources
• Some Items to Consider
• Interactive Graphs
• Interactive Calculators
• Video/Audio Tutorials
• Other On-line Course Resources
• Useful Search Sites
• Textbooks
• On-Line Textbooks or Courseware
• Old Exams
• Notes from Class
• Old Homework

Graph Paper in PDF Format. If you have Adobe Reader (v5.0 or greater) installed (or Preview in Mac OS X) clicking on the links below will provide the graph paper indicated.

• Linear 7 x 9 inches
• Linear 18 x 22 cm

• Semi-log One Cycle
• Semi-log Two Cycle
• Semi-log Three Cycle
• Semi-log Four Cycle
• Semi-log Five Cycle

• Mullen Plot, redrawn from Mullen, 1978
• Mullen Plot (0-900), redrawn from Mullen, 1978
• Vozeh Plot - redrawn from Vozeh, 1981

Some Items to Consider

• Chapter 8 - Pharmacokinetics of Oral Administration
  • A drug which undergoes extensive metabolism, with a high extraction ratio...
  • A drug which undergoes extensive metabolism, with a relatively high extraction ratio...
  • A drug with poor solubility has been marketed...
  • In this Chapter we have assumed that the absorption process...
• Chapter 10 - Bioavailability Studies
  • Sustained or extended release products such as topical patches...
• Chapter 12 - Physical-Chemical Factors Affecting Oral Absorption
  • A series of drugs, weak acids, have been developed...
  • A series of drugs, weak bases, have been developed...
  • In this Chapter we have assumed that the absorption process is uncomplicated...
• Chapter 15 - Multiple Oral Dose Administration
  • Changing the dosing interval and the dose in the same proportion should produce...
  • Metabolism can be subject to a number of factors, such as genetics, disease state and co-administration...
  • Theophylline has been studied extensively. It has been used commonly and has been the subject...
• Chapter 17 - Metabolism
  • It is generally considered that much of the analgesic activity of codeine...
  • Metabolism can be subject to a number of factors, such as genetics, disease state and co-administration...
  • Theophylline has been studied extensively. It has been used commonly...

Interactive Graphs

• Chapter 2 - Background Mathematical Material
  • Linear plot of 10^-x or e^-x versus x
  • Plot of log x or ln x versus x
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time
  • Linear Plot of ln(Cp) versus Time
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time
• Chapter 4 - One Compartment IV Bolus
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time (kel/V)
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time (CL/V)
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time (kel/V)
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time (CL/V)
  • Diagram Illustrating the Relationship between Clearance, Volume and Half-life
• Chapter 5 - Analysis of Urine Data
  • Linear Plot of U versus Time (kel)
  • Linear Plot of U versus Time (CL/V)
  • Semi-log Plot of U versus Time (kel)
  • Semi-log Plot of U versus Time (CL/V)
  • Linear Plot of ΔU/Δt versus Time_midpoint (kel)
  • Linear Plot of ΔU/Δt versus Time_midpoint (CL/V)
  • Semi-log Plot of ΔU/Δt versus Time_midpoint (kel)
  • Semi-log Plot of ΔU/Δt versus Time_midpoint (CL/V)
  • Linear Plot of ARE versus Time (kel)
  • Linear Plot of ARE versus Time (CL/V)
  • Semi-log Plot of ARE versus Time (kel)
  • Semi-log Plot of ARE versus Time (CL/V)
  • Linear Plot of Plot of X, U, M and Mu versus Time versus Time after a Single IV Bolus Dose Administration
• Chapter 6 - Intravenous Infusion
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time During a Continuous Infusion (kel/V)
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time During a Continuous Infusion (CL/V)
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time During a Continuous Infusion (kel/V)
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time During a Continuous Infusion (CL/V)
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time Showing Bolus, Infusion, and Combined Curves (kel/V)
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time Showing Bolus, Infusion, and Combined Curves (CL/V)
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time Showing Bolus, Infusion, and Combined Curves (kel/V)
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time Showing Bolus, Infusion, and Combined Curves (CL/V)
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time showing Combined and Separate Curves for Both Infusions (kel/V)
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time showing Combined and Separate Curves for Both Infusions (CL/V)
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time showing Combined and Separate Curves for Both Infusions (kel/V)
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time showing Combined and Separate Curves for Both Infusions (CL/V)
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time for Interrupted Infusion. Showing Mono exponential Rise and Fall
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time. NOTE: Intercept is not Cp⁰
• Chapter 8 - Pharmacokinetics of Oral Administration
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time after Oral Administration Showing Rise, Peak, and Fall in Cp
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time after Oral Administration Showing Rise, Peak, and Fall in Cp
• Chapter 12 - Physical-Chemical Factors Affecting Oral Absorption
  • Calculate Cp after IV bolus, oral solution and two oral tablets
• Chapter 14 - Multiple IV Bolus Dose Administration
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time (kel/V1)
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time (kel/V1)
• Chapter 15 - Multiple Oral Dose Administration
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time for Multiple Oral Doses showing Cp_max and Cp_min
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time for Multiple Oral Doses showing Cp_max and Cp_min
• Chapter 16 - Routes of Excretion
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time before, during and after Low Flux Hemodialysis
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time before, during and after Low Flux Hemodialysis
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time after a Single IV Bolus Dose Administration One Compartment Model - Renal Excretion and Liver Metabolism Models
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time after a Single IV Bolus Dose Administration One Compartment Model - Renal Excretion and Liver Metabolism Models
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time after a Single Oral Dose Administration One Compartment Model - Renal Excretion and Liver Metabolism Models
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time after a Single Oral Dose Administration One Compartment Model - Renal Excretion and Liver Metabolism Models
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time after a Single IV Bolus Dose Administration Two Compartment Model - Renal Excretion and Liver Metabolism Models
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time after a Single IV Bolus Dose Administration Two Compartment Model - Renal Excretion and Liver Metabolism Models
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time after a Single Oral Dose Administration Two Compartment Model - Renal Excretion and Liver Metabolism Models
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time after a Single Oral Dose Administration Two Compartment Model - Renal Excretion and Liver Metabolism Models
• Chapter 17 - Metabolism
  • Linear Plot of Morphine Concentration versus Time after Codeine Administration
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time and the effect of the induction of Carbamazepine metabolism
  • Linear Plot of Concentration versus Time after an IV Bolus Dose using Well Stirred or Parallel Tube Model
  • Semi-log Plot of Concentration versus Time after an IV Bolus Dose using Well Stirred or Parallel Tube Model
  • Linear Plot of Concentration versus Time after an Oral Dose using Well Stirred or Parallel Tube Model
  • Semi-log Plot of Concentration versus Time after an Oral Dose using Well Stirred or Parallel Tube Model
• Chapter 19 - Multi-Compartment Pharmacokinetic Models
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time after an IV bolus - Two Compartment model using Macro Constants
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time after an IV bolus - Two Compartment model using Macro Constants
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time after an IV bolus - Two Compartment model using Micro Constants
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time after an IV bolus - Two Compartment model using Micro Constants
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time after an IV bolus and IV Infusion - Two Compartment model using Micro Constants
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time after an IV bolus and IV Infusion - Two Compartment model using Micro Constants
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time after Two IV bolus doses - Two Compartment model using Micro Constants
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time after a Fast and Slow IV Infusion - Two Compartment model using Micro Constants
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time after a Fast and Slow IV Infusion - Two Compartment model using Micro Constants
• Chapter 21 - Non-Linear Pharmacokinetic Models
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Time after an IV bolus - One Compartment model with Non-linear Elimination
  • Semi-log Plot of Cp versus Time after an IV bolus - One Compartment model with Non-linear Elimination
  • Linear Plot of Cp versus Dose for a Drug Following MM Kinetics

Interactive Calculators

• Chapter 2 - Background Mathematical Material
  • Calculate 10^x or e^x
• Chapter 4 - One Compartment IV Bolus
  • Calculate Cp^t after an IV Bolus
  • Calculate Parameter Values from Two Data Points Collected after an IV Bolus
  • Calculate the Required IV Bolus Dose
  • Calculate Parameter Values from Two Data Points from a Line drawn through Data Collected after an IV Bolus
• Chapter 5 - Analysis of Urine Data
  • Estimate fe and fm using Equations 5.9.1 and 5.9.2
  • Calculate kel and t_1/2 in a patient with impaired renal function
• Chapter 6 - Intravenous Infusion
  • Calculate Cp Given k0, kel and V at time t
  • Calculate k0 required to give Cp at time t
  • Calculate Cp^ss Given k0, kel and V
  • Calculate k0 required to give Cp^ss
  • Calculate Cp given k0, Bolus Dose, kel and V at time t
  • Calculate Cp given fast and slow k0, kel and V at time t
  • Calculate kel and V given post infusion Cp versus time data
• Chapter 8 - Pharmacokinetics of Oral Administration
  • Estimate Time of Peak Cp and the Peak Cp after Oral Administration
• Chapter 12 - Physical-Chemical Factors Affecting Oral Absorption
  • Calculate the D Value for a Weak Acid
  • Calculate the D Value for a Weak Base
• Chapter 14 - Multiple IV Bolus Dose Administration
  • Calculate a suitable multiple IV bolus dosage regimen for specified Cp_min and Cp_max
  • Calculate Cp_min and Cp_max after Multiple IV Bolus Doses
• Chapter 16 - Routes of Excretion
  • Calculations Using the Cp_average Equation 16.8.2
  • Calculator Using Cp_max and Cp_min Criteria
• Chapter 19 - Multi-Compartment Pharmacokinetic Models
  • Calculate A, B, α and β
  • Calculate k10, k12, k21 and V₁
• Chapter 20 - Non-Linear Pharmacokinetic Models
  • Calculate Cp_average with Non-linear Elimination
  • Calculate Vm and Km from Two Steady State Cp_average Values

Video/Audio Tutorials

• Ch 2 Graphing Data (Video - Audio)
• Ch 2 Writing DEs (Video - Audio)
• Ch 2 Calculating AUC (Video - Audio)
• Ch 4 Calculating kel and V (Video - Audio)
• Ch 5 Analysis of Urine Data (Video - Audio)
• Ch 6 Analyzing IV Infusion Data (Video - Audio)
• Ch 9 Method of Residuals (Video - Audio)
• Ch 14 Calculating a multiple dose IV regimen (Video - Audio)
• Ch 14 Calculating a multiple dose IV regimen 2 (Video - Audio)
• Ch 15 Superposition Principle (Video - Audio)
• Ch 21 Non-Linear Elimination (Video)

• PHAR 7632 and PHAR 7633
• PHAR 7632 and PHAR 7633 - as PDF slides images
• PHAR 4634 - course material to the graph paper/calculator stage

• Search for Pharmacokinetic or Biopharmaceutics Material On Line
  • PHAR 7632/7633 Biopharmaceutics - Pharmacokinetics
  • PharmPK On Line Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamics Resource
  • Boomer Manual - Non-Linear Regression Program

• Some Pharmacokinetic textbooks

• Interactive Clinical Pharmacology using Flash by Dr Matt Doogue, Christchurch Hospital
• The complete guide to nonlinear regression by Harvey Motulsky, GraphPad Software, Inc.

• Student Generated Exam Equations (for PHAR 7632/7633 - 2006), PDF format
• A student collection of formulas from 1999 (Page 1 - Page 2)

From PHAR 7633

• First semester exam 2010 (version 1:version 2)
• Second semester exam 2010 (version 1:version 2)
• Third semester exam 2010 (version 1:version 2)
• Final semester exam 2010 (version 1:version 2)

From PHAR 7632

• First Exam 2006 key
• Second Exam 2006 key
• Third Exam 2006 key
• Second semester exam key 1 2005
• Third (final) semester exam key 1 2005
• First semester exam 1999
• Second semester exam 1999
• Third semester exam 1999

From PHAR 4634

Exams (1995)

• First Exam
• Second Exam
• Final Exam

• Notes from class - 19 Jan 2012
• Notes from class - 24 Jan 2012
• Notes from class - 26 Jan 2012

PHAR 7633 - 2011

• Notes from class - 27 Jan 2011
• Notes from class - 10 Feb 2011
• Notes from class - 17 Feb 2011
• Notes from class - 1 Mar 2011
• Notes from class - 3 Mar 2011
• Notes from class - 8 Mar 2011
• Notes from class - 29 Mar 2011
• Notes from class - 7 Apr 2011
• Notes from class - 12 Apr 2011

• Quiz One with Answers - 24 August 2001
• Quiz Two with Answers - 31 August 2001

PHAR 7632 Spring - 2001

• Homework #1
• Homework #2
• Homework #3
• Homework #4
• Homework #5 - 2000 homework example
• No homework #6
• Homework #7 - 1999 homework example

PHAR 7633 Fall - 1999

• Homework #1
• Homework #2
• Homework #3

From PHAR 4634

1995

• Chapter 4
• Chapter 5
• Chapter 6
• Chapter 8
• Chapter 15
• Chapter 20

1997

• Chapter 4
• Chapter 5
• Chapter 19
• Chapter 20

• Mullen, P.W. 1978 Optimal phenytoin therapy: a new technique for individualizing dosage, Clin. Pharmacol. Therap., 23, 228-232
• Vozeh, S., Muir, K.T., Sheiner, L.B. and Follath, F. 1981 Predicting individual phenytoin dosage, J. Pharmacokin. Biopharm., 9(2), 131-146

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