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General Method

Modeling involves a number of steps.

Figure 6.5.1 A general approach to modeling

Ideally the pharmacokinetic modeler is part of the design of the experiment. The study is designed and data are collected. The modeler will then develop suitable models consistent with the data, route of administration and dosage regimen. The data will be modeled using appropriate computer programs and the results evaluated. Problems at this point might lead to more modeling or even more studies and data collection. Finally we might get to use the model to make useful predictions such as dosage regimen design.

The third step 'Develop Mathematical Model with 'Parameter' can be expanded a little. Date collected in step two should be graphed on linear and semi-log graph paper (or using a spreedsheet) to see if some insight into possible models can be determined. Straight lines on semi-log graph paper might suggest first order processes. A lack of a distribution section would limit the number of compartments. Route of administration should be considered. A first order absorption step may be needed. A lag-time? Zero order proceesed can be used to describe infusion administration or potentially sustained release prcoesses. Wagner-Nelson, Loo-Riegleman or deconvoultion methods might provide information about complex absorption steps. Data collected after different does may provide information about non-linear pharmacokinetics. While keeping the initial models as simple as possible the model should be built to include as much of the experimental design as possible.

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